(15th century?)
Pictorial Scroll of Hippiatry, Azabu University, Tokyo
Buddhist monks introduced veterinary medicine to Japan, and they also infiltrated animal medicine with religious connotations. There are several different schools of hippiatry painting scrolls in Japan, with slightly different contents, but they all include anatomical diagrams of the internal organs of horses, and at the same time establish links with the Five Phases of China and the Five Mahābhūta of India. The dissected large bowels and small intestine are painted in red and white respectively according to the theory of the Five Phases of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It shows that both human and horse bodies operate based on the same cosmic theory, and that Chinese and Indian concepts can coexist in harmony.