Inshoku yōjō kagami
Inshoku yōjō kagami (飲食養生鑑, “Mirror of Dietary Regimen”; ca. 1850) – This popular print proffering advice on food and health highlights another major theme of early modern economic society—an intensified emphasis on hard work, which the economic historian Akira Hayami termed the “industrious revolution.” (5) But it also illustrates two more subtle developments. One is […]
Shiba Zenkō, Jūshi keisei hara no uchi
Shiba Zenkō, Jūshi keisei hara no uchi (十四傾城腹の内, “Inside the bellies of fourteen courtesans”; 1793) – The economic society of early modern Japan not only shaped ways of seeing (fig.1) and touching (fig.2) the guts, but also transformed the imagination of their contents. The title of this work of popular fiction parodies the Jūshi kei […]
Manase Dōsan 曲直瀬道三, Hyakufuku zusetsu
Manase Dōsan 曲直瀬道三, Hyakufuku zusetsu (百腹図説, “Illustrated Explanations of a Hundred Bellies”; n.d.) – Nothing more directly translated the early modern stress on practical, tangible realities than the Japanese innovation known as fukushin 腹診 (abdominal inspection). Whereas Chinese doctors had relied chiefly on feeling the pulse at the wrist to diagnose diseases, Japanese advocates of […]
Sugita Gempaku’s Kaitai shinsho
Sugita Gempaku’s Kaitai shinsho (解体新書, “New Book of Anatomy”; 1774) – Sugita Gempaku undertook his epoch-making translation of a Dutch anatomical manual before he could read Dutch. This point is key: What persuaded him of the manual’s truth was not its text, which he initially couldn’t comprehend, but rather, its images, and more specifically their […]
Guts depicted as vulnerable part of the body
Guts depicted as vulnerable part of the body 20th century reproduction of 17th century CE painting. Held in Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. – Tibetan medicine recognizes specific vulnerable body parts to which trauma is described to be terminal or at least treated with difficulty. All critical internal organs are defined as vulnerable, the left […]
Minor connecting blood vasculature of the body including gut
Minor connecting blood vasculature of body including gut 20th century reproduction of 17th century CE painting. Held in Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia – The Four Tantras details specific enumerations of minor channels illustrated here in anatomical layout with important physiological functions. There are 360 interconnecting channels as they relate to skin and muscle tissue, […]
Major connecting blood vasculature of the body including gut with related vulnerable points
Major connecting blood vasculature of body including gut with related vulnerable points 20th century reproduction of 17th century CE painting. Held in Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. – Explicated in high detail in the traumatology section of the Four Tantras as developed from early military medical manuals, this painting depicts major blood vessels of the […]
Body metaphors including guts
Body metaphors including guts 20th century reproduction of 17th century CE painting. Held in Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia – The musculoskeletal system is likened to the architecture of a Tibetan temple, while internal organs, differentiated as solid (vital) and hollow (vessel) types, use different illustrative metaphors. The group of solid viscera include the heart, […]
Location of internal organs on modular grid
Location of internal organs on modular grid 20th century reproduction of 17th century CE painting. Held in Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. – The central figures present the anterior and posterior views of the proper positions and proportions of anatomical structures from a theoretical perspective in relation to the spine by means of the Tibetan […]
The Navel Cakra (maṇipūraka) with Intestines
The Navel Cakra (maṇipūraka) with Intestines Provenance: Printed book, Bihar, undated [1903]. Anglicized Bibliographic data The Ṣaṭcakranirūpaṇacitra with the Bhāṣya and Bhāṣāṭīkā by Svāmihaṃsasvarūpa. Bihar: Trikutivilas Press Muzaffarpur. Sanskrit Title and Author in Devanagari font स्वामिहंसस्वरूपकृतम्षट्चक्रनिरूपणचित्रम् । भाष्यसमलंकृतं भाषाटीकोपेतञ्च Sanskrit Title and Author in Roman font Svāmihaṃsasvarūpakr̥tamṢaṭcakranirūpaṇacitram: bhāṣyasamalaṃkr̥taṃ bhāṣāṭīkopetañ ca Source: Wellcome Library, manuscript number, […]