Anonymous, K. Sharḥ al-Maqāma al-Ṣalāḥiyya fī l-Khayl wa-al-Bayṭāra
Anonymous, K. Sharḥ al-Maqāma al-Ṣalāḥiyya fī l-Khayl wa-al-Bayṭāra (Commentary on the Maqāma Ṣalāḥiyya on Horses and Venterinary) Istanbul University Library MS 4689 – Egypt, 15th c. – Hyppiatry has a long tradition in Islamic literature. Works dealing with horses may adopt different literary genres and cover a wide range of disciplines, from veterinary sciences to […]
Representation of a woman with the distribution of the blood vessels and the internal organs (f. 15v)
Representation of a woman with the distribution of the blood vessels and the internal organs (f. 15v) Manṣūr ibn Ilyās (fl. 14th c.), Tashrīḥ-i badan-i insān. Images from: Teheran MS Majlis 7430. Undated. This image represents the heart, lungs, liver, esophagus/larynx, stomach, intestines, kidneys, and spleen). As in the male representation, the organs involved in […]
Representation of a man with the distribution of the blood vessels and the internal organs (f. 13v)
Representation of a man with the distribution of the blood vessels and the internal organs (f. 13v) Manṣūr ibn Ilyās (fl. 14th c.), Tashrīḥ-i badan-i insān. Images from: Teheran MS Majlis 7430. Undated. The illustration depicts the heart, lungs, liver, esophagus/larynx, stomach, intestines, kidneys, and spleen. The organs involved in digestion are coloured in yellow. […]
Illustration accompanying De Arte Physicali et de Cirurgia
Illustration accompanying De Arte Physicali et de Cirurgia, attributed to John Arderne Stockholm, Kungliga Biblioteket X.118, fol. 6v/6r; c. 1430 – While the frontal approach to anatomical illustration exhibited in the Five/Nine-Figure Series and Guido da Vigevano’s work is most dominant, an alternative, sagittal approach emerged in the medieval period and survives in a few […]
Guido da Vigevano’s Anathomia, Figure 8
Guido da Vigevano’s Anathomia, Figure 9 (1345) Guido da Vigevano, Anathomia, 1345CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 – Although human dissection began to be systematically practiced in Italy in the early 14th century, it was not immediately embraced across Europe. This prompted Guido da Vigevano to produce a series of seventeen illustrations included in his Book of Notable […]
Anatomical figures
Anatomical figures (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 13002, fol. 2v; 1165 CE) Photo: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek MünchenCC BY-NC-SA 4.0 – These figures offer the earliest example of the so-called Five-Figure Series (Fünfbilderserie), which appears in medical manuscripts from across the medieval world, with Latin, Provençal, Arabic, and Persian versions surviving. The series, which likely originated in Late […]
Manchu face, Universal body
Manchu face, Universal body (Early 18th century) Ge ti ciowan lu bithe, or Manchu Anatomy (based on Thomas Bartholin, Anatomia, 1684), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris – The Jesuits actively persuaded the Kangxi Emperor to study anatomy. They hoped that he would convert to Christianity while marveling at the wonders of the various parts of […]
The Dissected Horse
The Dissected Horse (15th century?) Pictorial Scroll of Hippiatry, Azabu University, Tokyo – Buddhist monks introduced veterinary medicine to Japan, and they also infiltrated animal medicine with religious connotations. There are several different schools of hippiatry painting scrolls in Japan, with slightly different contents, but they all include anatomical diagrams of the internal organs of […]
Diagrams of the internal organs
Diagrams of the internal organs from Wang Qingren (1768-1831), Correcting the Errors of Doctors (Yilin gaicuo), first printed in 1830. Jinqi shuye deji woodblock edition, 1847. In the library collection of the Needham Research Institute – Besides revising older depictions of the organs, Wang focused attention on structures that had not been previously discussed in medical […]
Diagram of the heart
Diagram of the heart from Wang Qi (jinshi degree holder of 1565), Collected Diagrams of Heaven, Earth, and Man (Sancai tuhui), Chongzhen reign (1628-44) reprint of 1609 edition. In the collection of the Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University – This famous encyclopedia was a collection of illustrations of myriad aspects of the “three realms” of Heaven, […]